Turn your FAQ pages into conversational AI. J William Murdock, Guy Lev, Michal Shmueli-Scheuer, Jaymin Desai, Anastas Stoyanovsky, Christophe Guittet, Jim Hurne, Ofir Florenz, and David Konopnicki. IBM Data and AI Medium, 2021 (Blog post)

ARES: A Reading Comprehension Ensembling Service. Anthony Ferritto, Lin Pan, Rishav Chakravarti, Salim Roukos, Radu Florian, J. William Murdock, Avi Sil. Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations, pp. 31-37, Association for Computational Linguistics (Abstract, PDF)

Finding concise answers to questions in enterprise documents. J. William Murdock, Avi Sil, Anastas Stoyanovsky, Christophe Guittet. IBM Data and AI Medium, 2020 (Blog post)

Answer Finding API beta in Watson Discovery v2. J. William Murdock. IBM Watson Apps Community, 2020 (Blog post)

COVID-19 -- Are Your Virtual Assistant's Answers Up-To-Date? Christophe Guittet, Anastas Stoyanovsky and J William Murdock. IBM Watson Medium, 2020 (Blog post)

IBM Watson Discovery: Relevancy training for time-sensitive users. J William Murdock. IBM Data and AI Medium, 2020 (Blog post)

Finding concise answers to questions in enterprise documents. J. William Murdock, Avi Sil, Anastas Stoyanovsky, Christophe Guittet. IBM Data and AI Medium, 2020 (Blog post)

Engineered AI Still Matters for Question Answering. J. William Murdock, Lin Pan, Chung-Wei Hang, Mary Swift, Zhiguo Wang, Chris Nolan, Prathyusha Peddi, Nisarga Markandaiah, Eunyoung Ha, Kazi Hasan, Yang Yu, and Wei Zhang. Advances in Cognitive Systems, Volume 6, January to September 2018. (Abstract, PDF)

WatsonPaths: Scenario-Based Question Answering and Inference over Unstructured Information Adam Lally, Sugato Bagchi, Michael A Barborak, David W Buchanan, Jennifer Chu-Carroll, David A Ferrucci, Michael R Glass, Aditya Kalyanpur, Erik T Mueller, J William Murdock, Siddharth Patwardhan, John M Prager. AI Magazine 38(2), 38, 2017. (Abstract and PDF)

Unsupervised Entity-Relation Analysis in IBM Watson. Aditya Kalyanpur, J William Murdock. Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference on Advances in Cognitive Systems (ACS 2015), Atlanta, GA, 2015. (PDF)

Presentation: Decision Making in IBM Watson Question Answering. J. William Murdock. Ontology Summit 2015. (Wiki page with link to PDF for slides and audio for presentation)

Tools and Methods for Building Watson. Eric Brown, Eddie Epstein, J. William Murdock, and Tong-Haing Fin. IBM Research Report RC25356. 2013. (Abstract and PDF)

Multi-Dimensional Feature Merger For Question Answering. Apoorv Agarwal, J. William Murdock, Jennifer Chu-Carroll, Adam Lally, and Aditya Kalyanpur. Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING 2012), Mumbai, India. 2012. (PDF)

Textual evidence gathering and analysis. J. W. Murdock, J. Fan, A. Lally, H. Shima, B. K. Boguraev, IBM Journal of Research and Development 56(3/4), 8:1 - 8:14, 2012. (Abstract and PDF)

Typing candidate answers using type coercion. JW Murdock, A Kalyanpur, C Welty, J Fan, DA Ferrucci, DC Gondek, L Zhang, H Kanayama, IBM Journal of Research and Development 56(3/4), 7:1 - 7:13, 2012. (Abstract and PDF)

Deep parsing in Watson. MC McCord, JW Murdock, BK Boguraev, IBM Journal of Research and Development 56(3/4), 3:1 - 3:15, 2012. (Abstract and PDF)

Identifying implicit relationships . J. Chu-Carroll, E. W. Brown, A. Lally, J. W. Murdock, IBM Journal of Research and Development 56(3/4), 12:1 - 12:10, 2012. (Abstract and PDF)

Structured Data and Inference in DeepQA. A. Kalyanpur, B. Boguraev, S. Patwardhan, J.W. Murdock, A. Lally, C. Welty, J. Prager, B. Coppola, A. Fokoue, IBM Journal of Research and Development 56(3/4), 10:1 - 10:14, 2012. (Abstract and PDF)

A framework for merging and ranking of answers in DeepQA . D. C. Gondek, A. Lally, A. Kalyanpur, J. W. Murdock, P. Duboue, L. Zhang, Y. Pan, Z. M. Qiu, C. Welty, IBM Journal of Research and Development 56(3/4), 14:1 - 14:12, 2012. (Abstract and PDF)

Structure Mapping for Jeopardy! Clues. J. William Murdock. Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Case Based Reasoning (ICCBR'11), London, England. 2011. (PDF) [*]

Building Watson: An Overview of the DeepQA Project. David Ferrucci, Eric Brown, Jennifer Chu-Carroll, James Fan, David Gondek, Aditya A. Kalyanpur, Adam Lally, J. William Murdock, Eric Nyberg, John Prager, Nico Schlaefer, Chris Welty. AI Magazine 31(3):59-79. 2010. (Abstract and PDF)

Towards the Open Advancement of Question Answering Systems. David Ferrucci, Eric Nyberg, James Allan, Ken Barker, Eric Brown, Jennifer Chu-Carroll, Arthur Ciccolo, Pablo Duboue, James Fan, David Gondek, Eduard Hovy, Boris Katz, Adam Lally, Michael McCord, Paul Morarescu, J. William Murdock, Bruce Porter, John Prager, Tomek Strzalkowski, Chris Welty, and Wlodek Zadrozny. IBM Research Report RC24789. 2009. (Abstract and PDF)

Meta-Case-Based Reasoning: Self-Improvement through Self-Understanding. J. William Murdock and Ashok K. Goel. Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 20(1):1-36, March 2008. (PDF, WWW)

Explaining Conclusions from Diverse Knowledge Sources. J. William Murdock, Deborah L. McGuinness, Paulo Pinheiro da Silva, Chris Welty, and David Ferrucci. Proceedings of the 5th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC'06), Athens, GA. 2006. (PDF) [*]

Using Model-Based Reflection to Guide Reinforcement Learning. Patrick Ulam, Ashok Goel, Joshua Jones, and J. William Murdock. Proceedings of the IJCAI 2005 Workshop on Reasoning, Representation and Learning in Computer Games. Edinburgh, UK, 2005. (PDF)

Encoding Extraction as Inferences. J. William Murdock, Paulo Pinheiro da Silva, David Ferrucci, Christopher Welty, and Deborah L. McGuinness. Proceedings of the 2005 AAAI Spring Symposium on Metacognition in Computation. Stanford, CA, 2005. (PDF)

Exposing Extracted Knowledge Supporting Answers. Deborah L. McGuinness, Paulo Pinheiro da Silva, J. William Murdock and David Ferrucci. Technical Report KSL-05-03, Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, 2005. (PDF)

Self-Improvement through Self-Understanding: Model-Based Reflection for Agent Adaptation. J. William Murdock. Ph.D. Thesis, College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, July 2001. (Web Page)

Learning about Constraints by Reflection. J. William Murdock and Ashok K. Goel, Proceedings of the Fourteenth Canadian Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AI'01), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, June 7 - 9, 2001. (PS, PDF) [*]

Model-Based Reflection for Agent Evolution. J. William Murdock, Ph.D. Defense of Research, Georgia Institute of Technology College of Computing Technical Report GIT-CC-00-34, 2000. (PS)

An Adaptive Meeting Scheduling Agent. J. William Murdock and Ashok K. Goel, Proceedings of the First Asia-Pacific Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (IAT'99), pp. 374-378, Hong Kong, December 15-17, 1999. (PS)

A Theory of Reflective Agent Evolution. J. William Murdock, Ph.D. Thesis Proposal, Georgia Institute of Technology College of Computing Technical Report GIT-CC-98-27, 1998. (PS)

A Functional Modeling Architecture for Reflective Agents. J. William Murdock and Ashok K. Goel, AAAI-98 workshop on Functional Modeling and Teleological Reasoning, Madison, WI, July, 1998. (PS)

Modeling Computation: A Comparative Synthesis of TMK and ZD. J. William Murdock, Georgia Institute of Technology, College of Computing Technical Report GIT-CC-98-13, 1998. (PS, PDF)

Prolegomena to a Task-Method-Knowledge Theory of Cognition. J. William Murdock, pp. 746-751, Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (Cogsci'98), Madison, WI, August 1-4, 1998. (PS)

The Role of Reflection in Scientific Exploration. Todd W. Griffith and J. William Murdock. Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (Cogsci'98), pp. 448-453, Madison, WI, August 1-4, 1998. (PS)

SIRRINE: Self-Improving/Redesigning Reasoner Integrating Noteworthy Experience. J. William Murdock. Abstract from the proceedings of the 1996 Georgia Tech Cognitive Science Student Colloquium, 1996. (PS)

SemantiClean: Cleaning Noisy Data Using Semantic Technology. Chris Welty, J. William Murdock, and James Fan. Language Resources and Evaluation, 42(4):395-408, December 2008. (Web Page)

Scalable Cleanup of Information Extraction Data Using Ontologies. Julian Dolby, James Fan, Achille Fokoue, Aditya Kalyanpur, Aaron Kershenbaum, Li Ma, J. William Murdock, Kavitha Srinivas, and Christopher Welty. Proceedings of the 6th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC'07), Busan, Korea. 2007. (PDF)

COALA: A Tool for Inter-document Coreference Resolution Evaluation. Bradley M. Andrews, James Fan, J. William Murdock, Chris Welty. AAAI 2007 Spring Symposium Series: Machine Reading, 2007 (PDF)

IBM in TREC2006 Enterprise Track. J Chu-Carroll, G Averboch, P Duboue, D Gondek, JW Murdock, J Prager, P Hoffmann, J Wiebe. The Fifteenth Text REtrieval Conference (TREC 2006) Proceedings, 2007 (PDF)

Towards Knowledge Acquisition from Information Extraction. Chris Welty and J. William Murdock. Proceedings of the 5th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC'06), Athens, GA. 2006. Also available as IBM Research Report RC23961. (Abstract and PDF) [*]

David Ferrucci, Adam Lally, Daniel Gruhl, Edward Epstein, Marshall Schor, J. William Murdock, Andy Frenkiel, Eric W. Brown, Thomas Hampp, Yurdaer Doganata, Christopher Welty, Lisa Amini, Galina Kofman, Lev Kozakov, Yosi Mass. Towards an Interoperability Standard for Text and Multi-Modal Analytics. IBM Research Report RC24122. 2006. (Abstract and PDF)

Mikalai Yatskevich, Christopher Welty, and J. William Murdock. Coreference resolution on RDF Graphs generated from Information Extraction: first results. ISWC'06 Workshop on Web Content Mining with Human Language Technologies. 2006. (PDF)

Obtaining Formal Knowledge from Informal Text Analysis. J. William Murdock and Chris Welty. IBM Research Report RC23961. 2006. (Abstract and PDF)

Exploiting Pervasive Enterprise Chronicles using Unstructured Information Management. Anthony Levas, Gopal Pingali, Mark Podlaseck, and J. William Murdock. International Conference on Pervasive Services 2005 (ICPS'05). Santorini, Greece, July 11-14, 2005.

The Semantic Analysis Workbench (SAW): Towards a Framework for Knowledge Gathering and Synthesis. Anthony Levas, Eric Brown, J. William Murdock, and David Ferrucci. Proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligence Analysis. McClean, VA, May 2-6, 2005. Available as IBM Research Report RC23738. (Abstract and PDF)

Tracking Information Extraction from Intelligence Documents. Christopher Welty, J. William Murdock, Paulo Pinheiro da Silva, Deborah McGuinness, and David Ferrucci. Proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligence Analysis. McClean, VA, May 2-6, 2005. (Abstract, PDF)

The Semantics of Multiple Annotations. Christopher Welty and J. William Murdock. IBM Research Report RC22979. 2003. (Abstract and PDF)

Assessing Elaborated Hypotheses: An Interpretive Case-Based Reasoning Approach. J. William Murdock, David W. Aha, and Leonard A. Breslow, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning (ICCBR'03). Trondheim, Norway, June 23-26, 2003. (PDF) [*]

Case-Based Argumentation via Process Models. J. William Murdock, David W. Aha, and Leonard A. Breslow, Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference of the Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society (FLAIRS'03). St. Augustine, FL, May 12-14, 2003. (PDF)

AHEAD: Case-Based Process Model Explanation of Asymmetric Threats. J. William Murdock, David W. Aha, and Leonard A. Breslow. Technical Report AIC-02-203, Washington, DC: Naval Research Laboratory, Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence, 2002. (PDF)

Meta-Case-Based Reasoning: Using Functional Models to Adapt Case-Based Agents. J. William Murdock and Ashok K. Goel, Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development. Aha, D.W., Watson, I., and Yang, Q. (Eds.). Proceedings of the 4th. International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning (ICCBR'01). Vancouver, Canada, July 30 - August 2, 2001. (PS, PDF) [*]

Modeling Invention by Analogy in ACT-R. J. William Murdock, Marin Simina, Jim Davies, and Gordon Shippey, Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (Cogsci'98), pp. 740-745, Madison, WI, August 1-4, 1998. (PS)

Case-Based Planning to Learn. J. William Murdock, Gordon Shippey, and Ashwin Ram. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning (ICCBR'97), Providence, RI, July 25-27, 1997. (PS) [*]

Meta-Cases: Explaining Case-Based Reasoning. Ashok K. Goel and J. William Murdock. Proceedings of the Third European Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning (EWCBR'96), Lausanne, Switzerland, November 14-16, 1996. (PS) [*]

Applications of SHOP and SHOP2. Dana S. Nau, Tsz-Chiu Au, Okhtay Ilghami, Ugur Kuter, Hector Muñoz-Avila, J. William Murdock, Dan Wu, and Fusun Yaman. IEEE Intelligent Systems 20(2):34-41, March 2005. (Web Page)

An Extension to PDDL: Actions with Embedded Code Calls. Okhtay Ilghami and J. William Murdock. Proceedings of the ICAPS 2005 Workshop on Plan Execution: A Reality Check 84-86. Monterey, California, June, 2005. (PDF)

SHOP2: An HTN Planning System. Dana S. Nau, Tsz-Chiu Au, Okhtay Ilghami, Ugur Kuter, J. William Murdock, Dan Wu, and Fusun Yaman. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 20:379-404, December 2003. (PDF, PS, HTML Abstract)

Localizing Planning with Functional Process Models. J. William Murdock and Ashok K. Goel, Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Automated Planning & Scheduling (ICAPS'03). Trento, Italy, June 9-13, 2003. (PDF)

Computational Modeling of Cognitive Processes in Plan Authoring. J. William Murdock and David W. Aha. Proceedings of the 2002 Office of Naval Research Technology for Collaborative Command and Control Workshop, pp. 74-81, San Diego, CA, January 2002. (DOC)

Pluto: Managing Multistrategy Learning through Planning. Gordon T. Shippey, J. William Murdock, and Ashwin Ram. Proceedings of the Tenth National Conference on Aritificial Intelligence (AAAI'98), p. 1201, Madison, WI July 26-30, 1998.

Semi-Formal Functional Software Modeling with TMK. J. William Murdock, Georgia Institute of Technology College of Computing Technical Report GIT-CC-00-05, 2000. (PS)

Towards Adaptive Web Agents. J. William Murdock and Ashok K. Goel, Proceedings of the Fourteenth IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE'99), pp. 335-338, Cocoa Beach, FL, October 12-15, 1999. (PS)

MORALE--Mission Oriented Architectural Legacy Evolution Gregory Abowd, Ashok K. Goel, Dean F. Jerding, Michael McCracken, Melody Moore, J. William Murdock, Colin Potts, Spencer Rugaber, and Linda Wills. Proceedings of the 1997 International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM'97), pp. 150-159, Bari, Italy September 29-October 3, 1997. (PS)

Functional Explanations in Design. Ashok K. Goel, Andres Gomez de Silva Garza, Nathalie Grue, J. William Murdock, and Margaret M. Recker. Program of the IJCAI'97 Workshop on Modeling and Reasoning about Function. Nagoya, Japan, August 25, 1997. (PS)

Explanatory Interface in Interactive Design Environments. Ashok K. Goel, Andres Gomez de Silva Garza, Nathalie Grue, J. William Murdock, Margaret M. Recker, and T. Govindaraj. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Design (AID'96), Stanford, CA, June 24-27, 1996. (PS)

Towards Design Learning Environments - I: Exploring How Devices Work. Ashok K. Goel, Andres Gomez de Silva Garza, Nathalie Grue, J. William Murdock, Margaret M. Recker, and T. Govindaraj. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS'96), Montreal, June 12-14, 1996. (PS) [*]

A view of OWL from the field: Use cases and experiences. A Kershenbaum, A Fokoue, C Patel, C Welty, E Schonberg, J Cimino, L Ma, K Srinivas, R Schloss, J W Murdock. W3C Web Ontology Language (OWL) - Experiences and Directions Workshop, 2006. (PDF)

Exploiting taxonomic reasoning in support of real-time mission reachback processes. David W. Aha, Kalyan M. Gupta, and J. William Murdock. Proceedings of the Fourth Annual ONR Workshop on Collaborative Decision-Support Systems. San Luis Obispo, CA: California Polytechnic Institute, Collaborative Agent Design Research Center, 2002. (PDF)

A Framework for Method-Specific Knowledge Compilation from Databases. J. William Murdock and Ashok K. Goel and Michael J. Donahoo and Shamkant Navathe. Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, 17(1): 5-21, November 2001.

Method-Specific Knowledge Compilation. J. William Murdock, Ashok K. Goel, Michael J. Donahoo, and Shamkant Navathe. In D. Braha (ed.), Data Mining for Design and Manufacturing: Methods and Applications, Kluwer Adademic Publishers, 2001.

Method Specific Knowledge Compilation: Towards Practical Design Support Systems. J. William Murdock, Ashok K. Goel, Michael J. Donahoo, and Shamkant Navathe, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Design (AID'98), Lisbon, Portugal, July 20-23, 1998. (PS)

An Information Modeling Framework to Support Design Databases and Repositories. J. William Murdock, S. Szykman and R. D. Sriram. Proceedings of the ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences (Design for Manufacturing Conference), Paper No. DETC97/DFM-4373, 1997. (PS)

From Data to Knowledge: Method Specific Transformations. Michael J. Donahoo, J. William Murdock, Ashok K. Goel, Shamkant Navathe, and Edward Omiecinski. Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems (ISMIS'97), Charlotte, NC, October 15-18, 1997. (PS) [*]

The Design Case Study Project. J. William Murdock. Proceedings of the National Instititute of Standards and Technology, Manufacturing Systems Integration Division 1996 Summer Student Symposium, 1996. (PS, PDF)

* Indicated publication is published in the Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in Computer Science series or a related sub-series. The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com